Human immunodeficiency virus-associated malignancies a therapeutic update

Ten adult patients with human immunodeficiency virus HIV -associated malignancies five with lymphoma and five with Kaposi's Sarcoma were treated with a daily subcutaneous injection of interleukin-2 IL-2 for 90 consecutive days in a phase I dose-escalation study. Each lymphoma patient had obtained a complete or partial remission with standard chemotherapy before initiating IL The daily dose of IL-2 did not change during the day course of therapy.

The concept of aberrant immune surveillance occurring in PIDs is supported by evidence in mice and from patients undergoing immunosuppression after transplantation. Here, we discuss the importance of PID defects in the development of malignancies and the current limitations associated with molecular pathogenesis of these diseases and emphasize the need for further knowledge of how specific mutations can modulate the immune system to alter immunosurveillance and thereby play a key role in the etiology of malignancies in PID patients.

The major burden of the AIDS epidemic in the remainder of this and the next century will be in India and Southeast Asia, again predominantly via heterosexual spread.

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